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As a primary observational goal of the test, buckling mode of bracing element was depicted to be well managed by Hinge Plate.
Gusset plate size, buckling modes (in-plane and out of plane) and energy
Mostly in conventional bracing elements out of plane Compared to conventional bracing connection, which buckling mode governs in design.
As in-plane buckling bracing element transfers load to gusset plate, in length is smaller than out of plane buckling length then proposed detail the load path goes from bracing element proper selection and detailing design of bracing elements primarily to HP and then continues through gusset plate. section and its connection detail are determinant points to HP design features obey the same rules as gusset plate alter buckling mode to in-plane mode.
Additionally energy requirements; but its geometric dimensions are mostly dissipation through in-plane buckling mode is more dedicated for plastic hinge formation.
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